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51-05-8, Procaine hydrochloride

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Use of Procaine hydrochloride
Procaine Hydrochloride is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group.Target: OthersProcaine is a local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action.Procaine (0.01-100 microM) inhibited the 5-HT3 receptor-mediated inward current in the whole-cell patch clamp recording. Procaine appears to produce a competitive inhibition on 5-HT3 receptors with a KD of 1.7 microM [1]. Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent that produces a 40% reduction in 5-methylcytosine DNA content as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis or total DNA enzyme digestion. Procaine can also demethylate densely hypermethylated CpG islands. Procaine also has growth-inhibitory effects in these cancer cells, causing mitotic arrest [2]. Procaine functions as an excitant of limbic system cells, and that procaine alters synaptic transmission in some, but not all, output pathways from the amygdale [3]

Names

Name Procaine hydrochloride
Synonym More Synonyms

 Procaine hydrochloride Biological Activity

Description Procaine Hydrochloride is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group.Target: OthersProcaine is a local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action.Procaine (0.01-100 microM) inhibited the 5-HT3 receptor-mediated inward current in the whole-cell patch clamp recording. Procaine appears to produce a competitive inhibition on 5-HT3 receptors with a KD of 1.7 microM [1]. Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent that produces a 40% reduction in 5-methylcytosine DNA content as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis or total DNA enzyme digestion. Procaine can also demethylate densely hypermethylated CpG islands. Procaine also has growth-inhibitory effects in these cancer cells, causing mitotic arrest [2]. Procaine functions as an excitant of limbic system cells, and that procaine alters synaptic transmission in some, but not all, output pathways from the amygdale [3].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Fan, P. and F.F. Weight, Procaine impairs the function of 5-HT3 receptor-ion channel complex in rat sensory ganglion neurons. Neuropharmacology, 1994. 33(12): p. 1573-9.

[2]. Villar-Garea, A., et al., Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent with growth-inhibitory effects in human cancer cells. Cancer Res, 2003. 63(16): p. 4984-9.

[3]. Adamec, R.E. and C. Stark-Adamec, The effects of procaine HCl on population cellular and evoked response activity within the limbic system of the cat. Evidence for differential excitatory action of procaine in a variety of limbic circuits. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 1987. 11(4): p. 345-64.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Boiling Point 195-196°C 17mm
Melting Point 155-156 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula C13H21ClN2O2
Molecular Weight 272.771
Flash Point 195-196°C/17mm
Exact Mass 272.129150
PSA 55.56000
LogP 3.15060
Stability Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility soluble

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
DG2275000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Benzoic acid, p-amino-, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester, monohydrochloride
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
51-05-8
LAST UPDATED :
199701
DATA ITEMS CITED :
27
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C13-H20-N2-O2.Cl-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
272.81
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
ZR DVO2N2&2 &GH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo – Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Multiple routes
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human – man
DOSE/DURATION :
2286 mg/kg/8D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder – changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)
REFERENCE :
AJKDDP American Journal of Kidney Diseases. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., Journal Subscription Dept., POB 6280, Duluth, MN 55806) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,502,1986
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rat
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ZENBAX Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, Biochemie, Biophysik, Biologie. (Tuebingen, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.2B-27B, 1947-1972. For publisher information, see ZNCBDA. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6B,183,1951
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rat
DOSE/DURATION :
160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,791,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rat
DOSE/DURATION :
597 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PHACAI Pharmaceutical Archives. (School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) V.1-16, 1898-1945. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,81,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rat
DOSE/DURATION :
38 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral – convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral – muscle contraction or spasticity Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration – other changes
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,398,1942
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rat
DOSE/DURATION :
150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,1012,1967
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
175 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ZENBAX Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, Biochemie, Biophysik, Biologie. (Tuebingen, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.2B-27B, 1947-1972. For publisher information, see ZNCBDA. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6B,183,1951
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
165 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,793,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
339 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BCFAAI Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. (Societa Editoriale Farmaceutica, Via Ausonio 12, 20123 Milan, Italy) V.33- 1894- Volume(issue)/page/year: 107,310,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
33 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ANPRBG Anesthesia Progress. (Elsevier Science Publishing Co.,Inc., 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010) V.13- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 36,79,1989
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
THERAP Therapie. (Doin, Editeurs, 8, Place de l’Odeon, F-75006 Paris, France) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,332,1954
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
33 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40- 1944- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63(3),93S,1967
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
192 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral – convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral – excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration – dyspnea
REFERENCE :
ANTCAO Antibiotics and Chemotherapy (Washington, DC). (Washington, DC) V.1-12, 1951-62. For publisher information, see CLMEA3. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,633,1954
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal – dog
DOSE/DURATION :
63 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac – other changes Vascular – BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration – respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
JDREAF Journal of Dental Research. (International Assoc. for Dental Research, 734 15th St., NW, Suite 809, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1919- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,425,1941
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo – Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal – dog
DOSE/DURATION :
11 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,137,1959
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo – Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal – cat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral – convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac – change in rate
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,385,1916
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
687 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,388,1948
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
43 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,791,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
4800 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral – convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral – ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration – dyspnea
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,137,1959
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
41 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,1957,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo – Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraspinal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
15504 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation – local anesthetic
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,305,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
407 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,388,1948
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 – Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent – guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
51 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 113,313,1958 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS – National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code – 83464 No. of Facilities: 93 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 1038 (estimated) NOES – National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code – 83464 No. of Facilities: 489 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 12737 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 10228 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS06
GHS06
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H301-H317
Precautionary Statements P280-P301 + P310
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T:Toxic
Risk Phrases R25;R36/37/38
Safety Phrases S36/37/39-S45-S37/39-S26
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 3
RTECS DG2275000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1
HS Code 2922499100

 Precursor & DownStream

Precursor  0
DownStream  2

 Customs

HS Code 2922499990
Summary HS:2922499990 other amino-acids, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, and their esters; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward) MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

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 Synonyms

cetain
Procaine (hydrochloride)
Procaine hydrochloride
Jenacaine
novocaine hydrochloride
Procaine, hydrochloride
procaine HCl
ethocaine
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl-4-aminobenzolcarboxylathydrochlorid
eugerase
Isocaine-Asid
Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester, hydrochloride (1:1)
MFCD00007893
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl-4-aminobenzoathydrochlorid
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride (1:1)
4-Aminobenzoic Acid 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl Ester Hydrochloride
naucaine
Alocaine
2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride
EINECS 200-077-2
Bernacaine
anestil
anadolor
p-aminobenzoyldiethylaminoethanol hydrochloride
paracain
irocaine
2-Diethylaminoethyl 4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride
syncaine
4-Aminobenzoate de 2-(diéthylamino)éthyle chlorhydrate
topokain

 

 

 

Use of Procaine hydrochloride
Procaine Hydrochloride is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group.Target: OthersProcaine is a local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action.Procaine (0.01-100 microM) inhibited the 5-HT3 receptor-mediated inward current in the whole-cell patch clamp recording. Procaine appears to produce a competitive inhibition on 5-HT3 receptors with a KD of 1.7 microM [1]. Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent that produces a 40% reduction in 5-methylcytosine DNA content as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis or total DNA enzyme digestion. Procaine can also demethylate densely hypermethylated CpG islands. Procaine also has growth-inhibitory effects in these cancer cells, causing mitotic arrest [2]. Procaine functions as an excitant of limbic system cells, and that procaine alters synaptic transmission in some, but not all, output pathways from the amygdale [3]


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